Rasas In Bharata Muni's Natya Shastra
Aesthetic experience is the act of tasting of the rasa, of immersing oneself in it to the exclusion of all else The process of realisation of rasa is given in Bharata's aphorism in the sixth chapter of the Natyasastra, "Rasa is born out of the combination of vibhavas, anubhavas and vyabhicharibhavas" Vibhavas are of two kinds, alankara and uddipana.
The former is the determinant towards which an emotion is manifested. Uddipana vibhavas are environmental factors that excite an emotion Anubhavas are physical effects that result from an emotion. Vyabhicaribhavas are transitory mental states that accompany and help to intensify the dominant emotion.
It is the sthayibhava that is developed into rasa by the union of other kinds of bhavas. Sthayibhava is the permanent emotion that manifests in the mind.
In Bharata, sthains are eight in number, corresponding to the eight rasas - Rati (Love), has a (laughter), soka (sorrow), krodha (anger), utsaha (heroism), bhaya (fear), jugupsa (disgust) and vismaya (wonder) and the sthayins of sringar, hasya, karuna, raudra, vira, bhayanaka, bibhastsa and adbhuta rasas respectively. Latter writers added the ninth rasa santa with sama (serenity) as its sthayin.
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